Along with the formation and development of the technology, products and standard of wireless sensor network, the application of wireless sensor network has been breaking through the original application scenes, that is, the application scenes are developing from usual lands into scenes with more rugged environment, such as scenes of process industry, mining areas, undergrounds, tunnels and deep sea. All these applications bring forward new problems to the design and research of wireless sensor network, one of which is that of the monitoring of far-reaching-sea environment. It is to be of great significance for the marine science to apply underwater acoustic wireless sensor network (UAWSN) into marine science researches.However, the underwater sound-wave channel has the characteristics of narrow bandwidth, low frequency and slow propagation speed. Besides the restriction of node resources, these characteristics also make the UAWSN facing other objective restrictions such as the big-propagation-delay and poor linking capability of underwater acoustic channel and the mobility of nodes. Therefore, compared with the traditional ground sensor network, the UAWSN faces with many new challenges on aspects of node hardware design, topology design, positioning and synchronization strategy, reliability, MAC protocol, routing protocol, network security, etc.This thesis mainly devotes to the development and debugging of underwater acoustic wireless sensor network nodes.
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